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The difference between the sharp edge and radis edge

The difference between the sharp edge and radis edge

2025-10-09
Sharp Cutting Edge

Definition:
A sharp cutting edge has a 90° corner between the cutting face and flank of the tool.

Characteristics:

  • Produces precise, well-defined corners
  • Has high cutting force concentration
  • More likely to chip or wear quickly, especially when machining hard materials
  • Suitable for roughing or general-purpose cutting

Advantages:

  • Accurate for detailed or square-edge machining
  • Good for soft materials or light-duty cutting

Disadvantages:

  • Lower tool life
  • Poor performance on hard or brittle materials
  • Surface finish may not be smooth
Radius (R-type) Cutting Edge

Definition:
A radius edge has a rounded corner instead of a sharp one — typically with a radius value like R0.2, R0.5, or R1.0.

Characteristics:

  • Distributes cutting forces over a wider area
  • Prevents edge chipping and reduces stress
  • Provides better surface finish and longer tool life
  • Ideal for mold machining, finishing, and contouring

Advantages:

  • Higher durability and resistance to wear
  • Smoother cutting and improved chip flow
  • Enhanced performance on hard materials

Disadvantages:

  • Slightly less precise at sharp internal corners
  • May not produce perfectly square edges
Summary Table
Feature Sharp Edge Radius (R-type) Edge
Edge shape 90° corner Rounded (R0.2–R2.0)
Cutting stress High, concentrated Lower, distributed
Tool strength Weaker Stronger
Surface finish Average Smooth and fine
Tool life Shorter Longer
Best for Roughing, soft materials Finishing, hard materials, mold machining